Method of constructing radiators for use in connection with internal-combustion motors



Dec. 8

MUMM'ERT- ET AL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H. C. METHOD CONSTRUCTING RADIATORS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH.INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed Oct. 26, 1922 INVENTOES f/A/Ql/EYC/W/MMEPF //V/LL/AM M/A/TJQ.

Dec. 8,1925 1.565.096

C. MUMMERT ET AL H. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING RADIATORS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed Oct. 26, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FI A. F165.

IN VE/Y mes HA El/EY C. MUMMEPT l V/LL/AM 1444011? ATTO/P/Y Combustion Motors, of which thetollowing Patented Dec. 8, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT or Pic-E;

' HARVEY QMUMMERT, or norms, AND WILLIAM WAIT, m, or GARDEN crrY, N'Ew oamnssremas, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 cun'rrss AEROPLANE AND MOTOR COMPANY, me, or GARDEN CITY, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

METHOD or co srauc'rINo nanmrozas FOR usE IN CONNECTION coMEns'rIo morons.

WITH INTERNAL- Application filed October 26, 1922. Serial No. 597,072.

To all whomz't may concern:

Be it known that we, HARV Y C. MUMMERT and WILLIAM WArr, Jr, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Hollis, county of Queens, and Garden City, county of Nassau, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Constructing Radiators for use in Connection with Internalis a specification.

Our invention relates to radiators for internal combuston motors, and especially the internal combustion motors of aeroplanes or 5 other aerial craft, and is concerned merely with the method of constructing such' radiators as distinguished from the article itself.

The particular type of radiator with which the present invention is concerned is that type known in the ,art as the skin or surface type radiator; i. e., a radiator comprising a series of cells or water passages arto provide when grouped together an outer skin or covering for one or more of the puncipal flight resisting masses of the aeroplane or other aerial craft. Radiators thus characterized are preferably constructed of superim osed metal plates fastened together to admit of the circulation of a cooling agent therebetween, the lates throughout their full surface area eing approximately divided to provide the desired number of cooling cells. The method of constructing them consists in applying a coating of 'solder solution upon one of said plates, in superimposing upon the coated surface of said first mentioned plate the other of said plates, said second mentioned plate being a corrugated plate and having- 1ts corrugations preferably parallel, and finally in sufficiently heating the superimposed plates by applying the heat upon the exterior surface of one of said plates to effeet a solder-joint therebetween. To take care of expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, the first mentioned 0 plate is also slightly corrugated, the corrugations being relatively shallow and so dis-v posed with respect to the corrugations in the other of said plates asto enter or extend,

' thereinto; the solder-joint being, relied upon .ranged side by side and preferably parallel cells and at the same time to reenforce the radiator throughout.

Skin or surface type radiators thus constructed are extremely eflicient, due to a total absence of head resistance, are comparatively inexpensive of manufacture, and can be varied in size indefinitely by simply enlarging the plates and multiplying the number of water passages or cells.

Other advantages resulting from. the methods employed will be-hereinafter pointed out.

In the drawings, whereinilike reference characters denote like or corresponding parts I Figure 1 is a plan view of an aeroplane supporting surface or wing showing the manner in which a radiator constructed in accordance with the. methods herein disclosed is fastened in place;

Figure 2 is an enlarged detail sectionalview taken on the line 22 of Fi ure 1;

Figure 3 is a similar view ta en on the Figure 6 1s a plan View of a P rtion of the I bed employed in the manufacturing process Figure 7 is'a transverse sectional viewv of that portion of the bed illustrated in Fig.- ure 6' Figures 8 and 9 are enlarged sectional views showing the manner in which the rolling device or apparatus of Figures 4 and 5 is adapted to cooperate with the bed of Figures 6 and 7 to produce the corrugations in one of the radiator plates and at the same time effect the desired solder-joint between the radiator plates when superimposed; v

Figure 10 is a similar v1ew further illustrating the manufacturing process;

Figure 11 is a similar v1ew showmg the manner in which the plate ends are overlapped;

Figure 12 is a plan view, partly broke away, of one ,off the radiator sections, the

methods herein explained; and,

Figure 13 is a detail-sectional view illus-' trating the manner in which adjacent radiator sections are fastened together.

In the embodiment of the invention selected for illustration a wing type radiator, d'esignated in its entirety as 20, is shown- Said radiator comprises a plurality of radiator sections 21; each of which sections 1s an exact duplicate of the other. By varying the number of sections, the size of the radiator may be varied, since the number pf radiator sections required depends upon the power output of the motor in connection with which the radiator is used.

--Inits manufacture, the sections 21 of the radiator 20 are separately produced and thereafter fastened together edge to edge in the manner shown. I lVhen thus assembled, the radiator in its entirety is slipped over the wing or other part of the aeroplane which provides its support. v

In the manufacture of the-radiator sections a bed-plate 22 is provided, the size of the bed-plate being directly proportioned to the size of the radiator sections desired to be made. on the top face of thebedplate 22 a series of metal rods 23 are disposed, the rods in each instance being of circular section and parallel. That face of the bed-plate having the rods 23 extended there-across constitutes its working face. Upon the working face of the bed-plate a flat metal plate 24 is laid. Said plate 24 is slightly corrugated as at 25 bypassing a weighted roller device or apparatus 26 over its top surface, the pressure; exerted by the weight of the roller device being relied upon to slightly deform the plate 2% to thereby produce the corrugations. The. rollers 27 (of which there are two) of the device or apparatus 26 are corrugated as indicated in Fi ure 4, the rollers being arranged one behind the other in order that the corrugations of the one roller may follow in the track defined by'the corrugations of the other. Preferably, the number of corrugations formed in therollers 2? is double the number of rods 23 fastened on the working face of the bed-plate 22.

Having corrugated the metal plate 24 in the manner indicated, said plate, which constitntes the bottom plate of the finished radiator section, is coated on its top face or surface with a solder solution which is immediately permitted to cool. Upon the coated face of the plate 2% a second metal plate 26 is superimposed. Said plate 26 is also corrugated, the corrugations 2? of the top plate being somewhat deeper than the corrugations 25 formed in the bottom plate 24. in superimposing the metal plates 21- a-nd 26, care should be taken that the corrugations 27 of the plate the corrugations 25 in the plate 24, since it is desirable in the finished product that the shallow corrugations 25 enter every other one of the deeper corrugations 27. Before placing the plate 26 upon the plate 24, .such portions of the plate 26 as bear upon the plate 24 are also coated with a solder solution to the end that a solder-joint between the superimposed plates may be effected by the application of'heat and press'ure'in a manner hereinafter more fully explained.

To effect the desired solder-joint between the superimposed plates the device or apparatus 26,is again rolled along the 1plates, this time in bearing contact with t e top plate 26 in order that the desired pressure maybe exerted at the points where the two plates engage. 1 In conpinction with the device or apparatus 26 a heater 27' is emp'loyed, the heater (see Figure 4) having a flexible connection 28 wit an appropriate source of supply. As'the device or apparatus 26 is moved along the top face of the superimposed plates, it is apparent thatithe desired solder-joint between the plates is effected by the well-known sweating process.

With the plates thus joined together, 'obto temperature changes, may take place without disrupting the solder-joint. With the plates thus joined, that portion of each plate 24 extending beyond the ends or edges of the plate 26'. is folded over and upon the top face of the plate 26 (see Figure 11) where it is soldered in place, the space indicatedat 28' on the under-side of the device or apparatus 26 being provided for this purpose.

After producing the desired pumber of radiator sections the several sections are placed edge to edge with their flattened portions in over-lapping contact and riveted together by the use of eyelets 29. In this manner a radiator of the size desired is built up in the fcrm of a hollow shell, the hollow of which, in transverse section, is preferably substantially complemental, to that portion of the aero alane (the aeroplane wing of Figure 1) which is utilized as the radiator support.

It should be noted further that the ends of the plates 24% and 26, as well as the edges, do not terminate flush with each other, but that the ends of the top plate 26 extend beyond the corresponding ends of the bottom plate 2 t. ver the projecting ends of the top plate 26" end plates 30, of channel section, are fastened, said plates, together with inner end ates 31, carried by the bottom plates 24;, d ing headers to which all of the cells or water passages lead. The con- I nection between'the end plates and the plates 26 is also effected by a solder-joint.

From the above description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, it is apparent that the method of constructing the radiators consists in applying a solder solution upon one surface of a corrugated metal plate (the plate 24) and thereafter permitting the solder solution to. cool; in superimposing upon the coated surface of said plate 24 a second corrugated plate '26 having corrugations formed therein of greater depth than the corrugations formed in the plate EZ-l, said corrugated plates being so disposed one upon the Othe as to cause the relatively shallow corrugations 25 formed in one of said plates to enter the relatively deeper corrugations 27' formed in the other of said plates, said plates, thus positioned. jointly defining the series of water passages 01 cells; and finally, in effecting a solderjoint between the superimposed plates-by the exterior application of heat and pressure upon such portions of the plates as bear directly one against the other. the solderjoint thus obtained being relied upon to close comn'iunication between adjacent water passages or cells.

\Vhile we have described our invention in detail in its. present preferred embodiment, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art after understanding our invention. that various changes and modifications may he made therein without departing from the lines of longitudinally continuous contact l)0- together, along spirit or scope thereof. lVe aim in the aptween said plates, said lines of contact being spaced according to the size of the mentioned corrugations, and in simultaneously heating and pressing together, along said lines of continuous contact, the. mentioned plates, to effect, along said lines otcontact, a series of longitudinally continuous lateral- 1y spaced solder joints between said plates, said plates, when thus joined together, defining a plurality of independently water tight and completely separated fluid passages or cells.

2. The method of constructing skin or surface type radiators for aeroplanes which consists in forming, by any suitable means, a series of corrugations in a thin metal plate, in applying a coating of solder solution upon at least a portion of one surface of said corrugated metal plate, in laying upon the coated surface of said corrugated metal plate a second metal plate, said second mentioned metal plate having formed therein a series of corrugations deeper than the corrugations formed in said first mentioned plate, said second mentioned plate being so laid upon said first mentioned plate as to cause the corrugations of the former-to enter into certain of the deeper corrugations of'said last mentioned plate, such superimposition of said metal plates effecting a plurality of laterally spaced lines of longitudinally continuous contact between said plates, and in simultaneously heating and pressing said spaced lines of continuous contact, the mentioned plates, the application of heat and pressure being relied upon to effect a series of longitudinally continuous soldered joints along said spaced lines of contact between said plates, said plates, tlius joined together, defining a plurality of independently water tight and completely separated fluid passages or cells.

In testimony whereof we hereilnto atiix our signatures.

HARVEY C. MUMllIER'l. lVILLIAM WAIT, Jn. 

